Robotics

  Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It consists of a microcontroller board and a software development environment for writing and uploading code to the board. The Arduino board can be used to control a variety of electronic devices such as motors, sensors, LEDs, and more. The Arduino microcontroller board is a small electronic circuit board that contains a microcontroller chip, along with other components that are used to power, program , and interact with the microcontroller. The microcontroller is the main component of the board, and it is responsible for controlling and processing data and signals that are received from various input and output devices connected to the board. The microcontroller is usually pre-programmed with a bootloader , which allows it to be easily programmed using the Arduino software development environment. The Arduino board also contains other components such as voltage regulators, crystal o...

  An embedded system is a type of computer system that is designed to perform a specific task or set of tasks. It is called an " embedded " system because it is built into or embedded within a larger system or product. It typically includes specialized hardware and software components, and is programmed to operate in real-time and respond quickly to changes in its environment. Some examples of Embedded system are : 1. Smartphones : Your smartphone is an embedded system that includes various hardware components, such as a processor, memory, sensors, and communication devices, all built into the device. The software that runs on the smartphone, such as the operating system and applications, is also considered part of the embedded system. 2. Home Appliances : Many home appliances, such as smart thermostats, refrigerators, and washing machines, are also embedded systems. They include sensors, processors, and communication devices that allow them to perform their specific tasks, s...

  There are a wide variety of electronics components used in robotics, depending on the specific application and design of the robot. Some of the most common components include: 1. Microcontrollers: These are small computer chips that are used to control the various functions of the robot. Examples include the Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and PIC microcontrollers. 2. S ensors : Sensors are used to detect the robot's surroundings and provide feedback to the microcontroller. Common sensors used in robotics include proximity sensors, temperature sensors, light sensors, and accelerometers. 3. A ctuators : Actuators are used to control the movement of the robot. Examples include servo motors, stepper motors, and DC motors. 4. P ower Supplies : Robotics systems need reliable power supplies to operate. Batteries and AC/DC power supplies are commonly used. 5. C ommunication devices : Robots may need to communicate with other devices or systems, so communication components like Bluetooth module...

  Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles, use a combination of hardware and software technologies to operate. Let's take a closer look at each of these technologies: Sensors : Self-driving cars are equipped with a variety of sensors that allow them to detect their environment and surrounding objects. These sensors include:   Cameras : Cameras are used to capture images and video of the car's surroundings. They can identify objects such as other vehicles, pedestrians, and road signs. Lidar : Lidar is a laser-based sensor that uses light to create a 3D map of the car's environment. It can accurately measure the distance to objects and create a high-resolution map of the road and surroundings. Radar: Radar uses radio waves to detect objects and their location. It can be used to detect other vehicles and objects in low visibility conditions such as fog or rain. GPS : GPS provides location data to the car, allowing it to navig...